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| CREATIVE
MATHEMATICS Part II |
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"The
union of the mathematician with the poet,
fervor with measure,
passion with correctness,
this surely is the ideal."
William
James
We
continue with a review of The Beginner's Guide to Constructing
the Universe by Michael S. Schneider. This most excellent
book will open your mind to the use of numbers throughout
nature. For that matter, the numbers one through ten also
permeate our technological, social, political and spiritual
lives. In Part One we concentrated on a brief summary of
the numbers one through five. Here we will examine the numbers
six through ten.
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SIX |
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""Six
days shalt though labor and do all thy work."
Exodus
We
encounter the Hexad, or six sided figure, in countless natural phenomena
and human designs, from beehives to faucets handles, and floor tiles
to snow flakes. All true insects have six legs. This arrangement
of 120 degree joinery allows close-packing and true efficiency of
material, time, energy and strength. Hexagonal tessellation (redundant
patterning) occurs profusely in nature.
Most
designs using a circle as a base will utilize hexagonal structure.
Examples are the umbrella, bicycle wheels, parachutes and a camera
lens, to name a few. These examples utilize different combinations
of hexagonal designs for strength and efficiency. Most nuts and
bolts also use hexagonal designs. |
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SEVEN |
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"He
found the vast Thought with seven heads that is born of the Truth"
Maha
Upanishad
According
to Schneider, "The number seven occupies a critical place
within the Dekad, [1 10] where it acts as both a link and
a chasm. As a link between the first six and last three terms,
1 x 2 x 3 x 4 x 5 x 6 x 7 equals 7 x 8 x 9 x 10 (equals 5040).
As a chasm, with seven absent, 1 x 2 x 3 x 4 x 5 x 6 equals 8
x 9 x 10 (equals 720). Whether the value of seven is present or
absent, its location serves as a pivot balancing the ten. No other
number or position within the Dekad does this."
Seven
does not form a finite relationship with any other number. Any
number divided by seven leaves an endless loop of repeating decimals.
A seven-sided figure is impossible to draw with perfect mathematical
precision. Seven also impinges on our lives in the diatonic musical
scale. As Schneider points out, "The seven-note scale is
meant to model the hidden side of the macrocosmic design, the
universe ruled by mathematical harmonies of music. The scale structure
implies that the universe emerges from absolute divinity, descends
through a seven-state celestial hierarchy, and returns to absolute
divinity."
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EIGHT |
| "Change
has an absolute limit: This produces two modes;
the two modes produce four forms, the four forms produce eight trigrams;
the eight trigrams determine fortune and misfortune."
Confucius
The
Octad weaves together the Monad's unity, expansion and cycles, as
well as the Dyad's polarity and Tetrad's materialization. Eightfold
geometry has long been an ancient symbol for the Mother Goddess.
Depicted mythologically as an eight-legged spider or "spinner",
she has created the world through her weaving of warp and woof.
The Egyptian, Greek and Mayan traditions all perceived their great
goddesses as spinstresses and embroiderers.
Modern
physics has modeled the Periodic Table of Elements on an eightfold
structure. There are eight main groups of elements. Atomic properties
recur in cycles of eight. Elements in the same columns have the
same number of electrons, between one and eight in the outer most
peripheries of their orbits. Cell mitosis also takes place in eight
stages.
Other
familiar elements in our lives based on the Octad are DNA molecules,
the geometry of chess (see chess article) and
anything relying on the use of octaves; the musical scale; the I
Ching and the eight phases of the moon, to name a few. |
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NINE |
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Ennead "flows around the other numbers
within the Dekad like an ocean."
Nichomachus of Gerasa
Multiplying
by nine reveals a mirror symmetry among numbers. If any number
is multiplied by nine the resulting digits always add to nine.
For example 2 x 9 = 18; 3 x 9 = 27, 4 x 9 = 36 and so on.
Thus, the Hebrews referred to nine as the symbol of immutable
Truth. |
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Ennead, or nine pointed star, is an ancient and sacred symbol. It
comprises three trinities. The Egyptian, Celtic, Greek and Christian
myths all have an ennead of nine gods and goddesses, representing
the entire archetypal range of principles.
The
magic square is also considered sacred and full of power in the
Islamic, Tibetan, Buddhist, Celtic, Indian and Jewish traditions.
A magic square is when each number is used only once, but the horizontal,
vertical and diagonal sums are all equal. The Chinese have patterned
their architectural temples along the harmonious principles of the
magic square. |
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TEN |
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According
to Schneider, "Ten represents a recapitulation of the
whole. It holds within itself the two parents of numbers (one
and two) and their seven children (three through nine). Ten
is a portrait of the whole family of archetypes gathered together,
simultaneously displaying each of their principles. |
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to Pythagoras ten is the "perfect number" symbolizing
fulfillment and new beginnings. The Babylonian, Egyptian, Mayan,
Roman, Hebrew, Greek and Arabic numerical systems all utilize a
ten as a base. The study of the Tetraktys, pictured at the left,
was the core teaching in Pythagorean schools of natural science
of philosophy. The Tetraktys comprises the point, line, surface
and volume.
The
modern physics T.O.E. (Theory of Everything) or String Theory, postulates
a ten dimensional universe in which the three dimensions of space
(length, width and height) are a trinity, plus the dimension of
time. |
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a true appreciation of how the numbers one through ten impinge upon
your everyday life you need to read this fascinating book. Creative
mind depends upon a flexible understanding of nature and man, and
how they relate. Creative problem solving also relies upon an understanding
of numbers and their relationships. There is a wealth of knowledge
and wisdom here that will enrich your understanding of mathematics
as a basis for the arts and sciences. Thus, your relationship to
these arts will be inspired and elevated as you venture to express
yourself through them.
The
following link is a brief synopsis of Seminars given
by Michael. To contact Michael for more information on when and
where his next workshop is you can email him at Michael Schneider. |
| ©
J.L. Read, 1997. All Rights Reserved. |
| CREATIVE
MATHEMATICS Part I |
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to Top |
| Back
to Science page |
| Back
to Techniques
page |
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| SUGGESTED
READING: |
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A
Beginner's Guide to Constructing the Universe
by
Michael S. Schneider
In the
spiral of the nautilus shell, in the veins of a maple leaf,
in the bonds of the benzene ring--everywhere he looks, Schneider
sees a cosmic geometry. Of course, the lines of this geometry
have long attracted the attention of probing minds, including
Pythagoras, Plato, the Psalmist, Demetrius, and Plotinus.
The author weaves the insights of these thinkers and many
more together in a tapestry of reflections (richly illustrated)
on celestial harmonies. Once initiated into the ancient
mysteries, the reader will recognize profound meanings--not
merely scientific utility--in squares, triangles, and other
common shapes. The reader needs no extraordinary expertise
in mathematics to explore these pages, just a relish for
intellectual adventure. Schneider helps us discover just
how much mental energy can fit within the circle of new
horizons.
$13.27

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| Entire
list of recommended titles |
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